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When discussing the most exciting historical moments of New China, one cannot overlook the laughter of Qiao Guanhua. It was during the announcement of China's restoration of its United Nations seat when Qiao Guanhua, the Foreign Minister representing China at the time, burst into laughter. This precious moment was captured by cameras, engraved in the splendid chapter of New China's diplomacy. \"Qiao's laughter\" showcased the confidence and composure of New China's diplomacy, casting a spotlight that \"shook the windows of the Parliament House\" under global media attention.
展开剩余91%Qiao Guanhua was one of the most outstanding diplomats of New China, contributing significantly to its diplomatic endeavors. He had two marriages in his lifetime.
Their 27-year journey together, broken by fate.
If Qiao Guanhua was the talented diplomat, then Gong Peng, his first wife, was the formidable intellectual counterpart—a brilliant female diplomat who served as the longest-tenured Director in the history of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. She was also the first Director of the Press Department and Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs of New China. Premier Zhou Enlai once praised her, saying, \"No one can replace her.\"
There are numerous memoirs and biographies about Qiao Guanhua, but very few records exist about his wife, Gong Peng, today, due to decades of elapsed time and the departure of that generation.
Born into an illustrious family, Gong Peng was the daughter of Gong Zhenzhou, a prominent revolutionary who steadfastly followed the footsteps of Sun Yat-sen and supported the Northern Expedition. Being greatly cherished by her father, Gong Peng received an excellent education from an early age. In 1928, she enrolled at St. Mary's Hall in Shanghai. Amidst the tumultuous national upheaval, Gong Peng transformed into a renowned figure at her school, known as the \"unorthodox\" student. In the summer of 1933, she gained admission to the History Department of Yanjing University in Beiping.
With her privileged background, enlightened parents, and solid education, Gong Peng could have chosen a more comfortable path—perhaps teaching, with a stable and decent income at the time, or pursuing further studies abroad to become a scholar of history.
However, she resolutely committed herself to the revolutionary cause.
In March 1938, Gong Peng fled to Yan'an and became a student in the Marxist-Leninist School. In July of the same year, during a commemorative gathering in Yan'an attended by foreign friends, Mao Zedong designated Gong Peng as an interpreter. This marked the official beginning of her diplomatic career.
Qiao Guanhua was not Gong Peng's first husband. Gong Peng had previously married Liu Wenhua, a comrade who returned from studying in Germany, sharing similar ideals and falling in love, leading to their union on August 1, 1940.
However, for the sake of the revolution, the newlyweds of only 29 days tearfully parted ways, hoping to reunite in the future.
In the early autumn of 1940, she was dispatched to Chongqing to work under General Zhou as the \"voice of the Communist Party's foreign affairs,\" and with her personal charm and work ethic, she achieved significant success among foreign media. At that time, there were rumors in Chongqing's media circles: \"Gong Peng has foreign journalists as her bodyguards.\"
Just as Gong Peng's career was achieving great success, fate showed its cruel smile. Tragedies struck one after another. First, her father, while evading Wang Jingwei's authorities and promoting anti-Japanese propaganda, contracted cholera and quickly succumbed to septicemia in Guilin, alone and without any family by his side. Shortly thereafter, news arrived of her beloved husband's death from acute appendicitis during a march, just two months before her father's death. His last words in his letter read, \"... I'm thinking of my wife. If anything happens to me, let her remarry. As long as she doesn't leave the revolution, she will always live up to me...\"
Devastated by these consecutive blows, Gong Peng channeled her grief and anger into her work wholeheartedly.
In September 1942, Qiao Guanhua was transferred to work in Chongqing. It was here that the scholar and the intellectual, Qiao Guanhua and Gong Peng, encountered each other frequently in their work. Qiao Guanhua was attracted by Gong Peng's sharp essays and profound knowledge, while Gong Peng admired Qiao Guanhua's bold and free-spirited personality. With the help of Premier Zhou Enlai and others around them, the two quietly married in November 1943.
Outside of work, Qiao Guanhua organized study sessions. However, debates between Gong Peng and Qiao Guanhua at these gatherings often became focal points that others found difficult to interrupt. Her deep theoretical knowledge and extensive reading of various literary materials always ensured her arguments were well-founded, providing clear insights into the world and the domestic situation at the time. During such moments, countless spies' eyes were inevitably focused on the surroundings outside the house.
Gong Peng was a very independent woman with a keen political sense, whose contributions to New China's diplomacy were no less than those of her husband. During the revolutionary journey before liberation, she pioneered many initiatives, conveying the true voice of China to the international community: she was the first to broadcast \"Red Star Over China\" and established the first foreign language journal of the Communist Party of China, \"Xinhua Weekly,\" among other pioneering achievements in New China's diplomacy. She was essentially the \"founder of the news spokesperson system\" in New China, which was officially established by the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1983.
In May 1970, Gong Peng suffered a stroke and fell into a coma. Despite four months of strenuous efforts to save her, she passed away on September 20th.
Gong Peng's death was a great blow to Qiao Guanhua. Qiao Guanhua was a strong and broad-minded person who rarely shed tears, but in front of Gong Peng's sickbed, tears almost flowed to the point of not being able to stop. Combined with his exhausting work, he fell seriously ill.
A second bloom, a decade of storms and affection.
Qiao Guanhua's second wife, Zhang Hanzhi, was a well-known democratic figure. In April 1949, after arriving in Beiping as a member of the Nationalist Government's negotiation team, she announced her departure from the Kuomintang with Zhang Shizhao, the adopted daughter of Mr. Zhang Shizhao. After liberation, Mr. Zhang Shizhao had been working hard for the unity of the motherland.
Because of her father's relationship, Zhang Hanzhi, who taught at Beijing Foreign Studies University in 1963, was invited to become Chairman Mao Zedong's English teacher.
In the autumn of 1971, Zhang Shizhao moved to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. One day, the elevator broke down. She hurried to the stairs to return to her office on the fourth floor. She looked up and saw a tall, thin figure hunched over, holding the stair railing, struggling to move up.
Several colleagues followed slowly behind. One of them grabbed her and told her not to run. Because of the death of his wife, Qiao had tried hard many times to meet her and didn't want to let her take the lead. So no one else went upstairs.
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